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COFFEE COMMODITY PROFILE

The Industry

Coffee occupies an important place in the world economy, being widely consumed as the most prestigious beverage. Coffee is the second most consumed beverage in the world (after water), and the second most traded commodity (after petroleum), grown in some 70 countires, 60 of which are exporters. While instant coffee is still the general preference, the ground and brew sector is growing. Organic coffee is the other growth area that the industry can look forward to.

Factors Affecting Coffee Production

Climatic requierements - the optimum temperature should be 21ºC by night and 26ºC by day. moderate soil temperature is vital for root growth. Soil factors - the minimum soil depth for coffee propagation is 1.5 meters. The soil must be highly fertile with high moisture holding capacity. It must be of medium texture with good drainage and erosion. The optimum soil pH must be between 5.5 to 6.5. Rainfall/ Water - soil misture must be adequate during maximum vegetative growth and berry development. An extended period of well-distributed rainfall is preferred to continuous rainfall problems. Light - it is necessary for photosysnthesis and flower bud development

Varieties

Arabica - this is considered to be the best coffee in other countries because of its excellent flavor and aroma. It is known locally as "Kapeng Tagalog". Arabica yields 500-1,000 kg of clean dry coffee beans per hectare. This variety is an early bearer, it bears fruits two to three years from planting. Robusta - this variety is high yielding and more resistant to pests and diseases. It yields 1,200 kg or more per hectare of clean dry coffee beans. Liberica - this variety is locally known as "Kapeng Barako". This variety is tolerant to drought and can grow to wider soil types. It starts bearing four to five years after transplanting and yield approximately 500 kg of dry coffee beans per hectare. excelsa - this variety is resistant to drought. bearing starts four to five years after transplanting. It yields approximately 1,000 kg of clean dry coffee beans per hectare.

Production

World Leading coffee producers include: Brazil, Columbia, Vietnam, Indonesia Philippines exported 78,000 bags or 43,680 MT. Philippines National In 2006, Philippines has an existing production area of 126,063 hectares that has produced a volume of 104,093 MT. Robusta accounts for 75% of the country's total production; Arabica for 10% and Liberica for 15%. Luzon In 2006, Luzon as an existing production area of 29,706 hectares broken down as follows: CAR (7,780 ha); R1 (111 ha); R2 (2,861 ha); R3 (1,857 ha); R4A (15,296 ha); R4B (942 ha) and R5 (859 ha) (source BAS) It has produced a volume of 19,852 MT broken down as follows: CAR (6,346 MT); R1 (85 MT); R2 (1,040 MT); R3 (1,534 MT); R4A (10,276 MT); R4B (205 MT); R5 (366 MT) (source: BAS)   Visayas In terms of area, Visayas contributed around 11,198 hectares broken down as follows: R6 (10,085 ha); R7 (1,422 ha) and R8 (411 ha) (source: BAS) In 2006, the total production of visayas was 6,575 MT which is about 10% of the national prodcution. R6 (6,004 MT); R7 (364 MT) and R8 (207 MT) (source:BAS)   Mindanao In 2006, Mindanao has an existing production area of 84,438 hectares broken down as follows: R9 (1,471 ha); R10 (13,216 ha); R11 (27,735 ha); R12 (24,057 ha); R13 (4,354 ha) and ARMM (13,605 ha) (source:BAS) Production reached 77,666 MT, which is about 83% of the total Philippine production (BAS). R9 (1,368 Mt); R10 (6,292 MT); R11 (28,839 MT); R12 (27,047 MT); R13 (3,120 MT); ARMM (11,000 MT) (source:BAS)

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Coffee Dev't Program 2006

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